From ethnographies of hunting to sophisticated harvesting and ecological research, human-animal interaction has been a long-standing primary focus of research on Canadian Inuit. The methodological and analytical formulations (principally from within wildlife management, ecological and economic anthropology, and evolutionary biology) that now frame much contempo- rary work in this area of study and influence northern conservation and management policy also all make selective use of Inuit Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK). Notable by its absence, however, is information about how Inuit conceptualize human-animal relations and how this may affect their use of wildlife. The emergence of Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit (IQ) as a guiding principle within the Government of Nunavut raises the possibility that for the first time this cognitive ele- ment may influence wildlife management policy in the territory. This paper first examines the con- tent of IQ and then speculates on its potential in relation to research on Inuit cultural ecology.