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Aspectos de la dispersión y viabilidad de las semillas de teosinte (Zea mays ssp.) en el Valle del Ebro

Authors: Montull, J.M.; Pardo, G.; Aibar, J.; Llenes, J.M.; Marí, A.I.; Taberner, A.; Cirujeda, A.;

Aspectos de la dispersión y viabilidad de las semillas de teosinte (Zea mays ssp.) en el Valle del Ebro

Abstract

Una de las principales preocupaciones asociadas a la aparición de una nueva mala hierba invasora es la de evitar su expansión. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de un estudio sobre las posibles vías de dispersión de teosinte (Zea mays ssp.) detectado en el Noreste de España en 2014. Se ha estudiado la distribución de los individuos de esta especie dentro de campos de maíz, así como la viabilidad de sus semillas después del proceso de molienda para pienso y en función de su tiempo de permanencia en purines de porcino y vacuno. Después de analizar la distribución de teosinte en 153 campos en Aragón y Cataluña, se ha encontrado que un 66, 3 % de las parcelas han sido probablemente infestadas a través de las cosechadoras, confirmando que ésta es la principal vía de dispersión. La viabilidad de las semillas durante la molturación fue nula utilizando molinos con una criba de 5 y 2, 5 mm de diámetro (las comúnmente empleadas para la fabricación de pienso) aunque quedó viable un 2, 6 % de las semillas cuando se utilizó una criba de 8 mm. Por último, el ajuste de los datos al modelo log-logistico indica que el tiempo de supervivencia medio de las semillas es de 11, 1 y 16, 4 días en purín de porcino y vacuno, respectivamente, y su nula viabilidad ocurre a los 15, 7 días en porcino y 37, 4 días en vacuno. Por tanto, hay que esperar al menos ese tiempo antes de esparcir ambos purines en zonas con infestaciones de teosinte. One of the main concerns associated with the appearance of a new invasive weed species is to prevent its expansion. In this paper we present the results of a study on the possible dispersal routes of teosinte (Zea mays ssp.) firstly detected in the Ebro valley (NE Spain) in 2014. With this purpose, the patterns of plant distribution within maize fields has been studied as well as the possibility of teosinte seeds remaining viable in the milling process for feeding animals and the viability of the seeds as a function of their residence time in pig and dairy slurry. After analyzing the distribution of teosinte plants in 153 fields in Aragon and Catalonia, it has been found that 66.3 % of the infested plots could have been probably infested by means of harvest combines. Regarding the milling and grinding process of grains of teosinte and corn together, null viability of seeds has been found using mills with an exterior mesh of 5 and 2.5 mm in diameter, which are commonly used for animal fodder but 2.6 % of the seeds remained viable after passing the 8 mm mesh. Finally, the log-logistic model predicted that the mean survival time of the seeds was 11.1 and 16.4 days in pig and cattle slurry, respectively and that the nil viability occurred at 15.7 and 37.4 days for pig and cattle slurry, respectively. It is, thus, necessary to wait at least during this period of time before spreading the slurry in areas with teosinte infestations.

Country
Spain
Keywords

Emergent weed, Plant dispersion, Invasive species, Slurry, Combine harvesteer, Milling

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
Average
Average
Green