Date palm is an important economical crop in many countries. However, in recent years, the Kebili region with the largest palm groves of Tunisia faced an important deficit of rain fall that can impaired the maturation and quality of the fruits especially in non‐irrigated plantation. Water deficit does not stop fruit development but has a dramatic effect on fruit growth, pulp content and the cell wall composition and remodeling during maturation. The data indicate that the cell wall was more hydrophilic suggesting that these subtle changes in the cell wall property may participate in maintaining the water status of the cells and the flexibility of the cell wall under water deficit.