This chapter argues that Continental existentialist philosophers of the nineteenth century—especially Søren Kierkegaard, Friedrich Nietzsche, and Max Scheler—developed another model of resentment as an emotion that was less focused on its possibly stimulating the desire for justice and more focused on self-involved spitefulness, envy, and rancor. In this philosophical tradition, philosophers who were both explicitly Christian and emphatically anti-Christian in their outlook examined resentment as a brooding antisocial passion whose origins they variously traced to the post-Napoleonic world, the first Abrahamic faith, or humanist Europe. Implied in their models of resentment is that it is a cultural and collective malaise.