From its origins, agroecology in Uruguay has been considered as a critique of the dominant industrial agriculture model and linked to the development of alternative thinking from multiple actors. It aims to strengthen the ecological processes in agricultural systems while discussing the phenomena of concentration, alienation, and access to land, along with the problems of family agriculture and food sovereignty. Against the deepening of the industrialized model of agriculture, different actors drive the development of a National Agroecology Plan. An agroecological transition process is proposed by building sustainable development options, which arises from the agrarian and extends to the whole society.