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Economics Letters
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Economics Letters
Article . 2012 . Peer-reviewed
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Research Papers in Economics
Preprint . 2011
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Article . 2012
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Income and democracy: Evidence from system GMM estimates

descriptionPublicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Research , Preprint 01 Aug 2012 Australia English Publisher:Elsevier BVJournal:Economics Letters, volume 116, pages 166-169 (issn: 0165-1765, Copyright policy )
Authors: Heid, B.; Langer, J.; Larch, M.;

doi: 10.1016/j.econlet.2012.02.009

handle: 10419/73774 , 2440/107687

Income and democracy: Evidence from system GMM estimates

Abstract

Abstract Does higher income cause democracy? Accounting for the dynamic nature and high persistence of income and democracy, we find a statistically significant positive relation between income and democracy for a postwar period sample of up to 150 countries. Our results are robust across different measures of democracy and instrumentation strategies.

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Keywords

O10, democracy, ddc:330, Demokratisierung, Welt, Income, democracy, dynamic panel estimators, D72, Income, dynamic panel estimators, C33, Demokratie, E21, Sozialprodukt, Schätzung, jel: jel:D72, jel: jel:E21, jel: jel:C33, jel: jel:O10

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
109
Top 1%
Top 10%
Top 10%
bronze
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