The Neolithization of the Mediterranean was a long, complex, non-centralized, arrhythmic, and regionalized process involving multiple parameters and variables, entailing a non-linear interplay between the movement of people and the transmission of ideas. Once agriculture was established, the development of the Neolithic took on a new dynamic as agrarian economy and village life were consolidated. Finally, the appearance of metallurgy announced the beginning of the Chalcolithic, and Neolithic societies once again experienced socio-economic transformations such as the intensification of agriculture through irrigation, further development of craft specialization and long-distance trade, social complexification and hierarchization.