The chapter focuses on the approach taken by primary and secondary-school textbooks of Kosova and Serbia to events in Kosova from 1945 to 1999. The Kosovar textbooks in question are published by the Libri Shkollor publishing house, those of Serbia by Zavod za udžbenike. The history textbooks of the two countries, approved by their respective ministries of education, are a key source for this chapter. It compares the descriptions given in them, drawing out the similarities and differences. It likewise sets against them findings of international authors about the events in Kosova in the same period. This chapter deals with some of the most important periods of the history of Kosova under the Socialist Federated Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY), pointing out where the history books do not agree with one another and where they falsify the account. In an indirect way, the chapter draws out what the governments of Kosova and Serbia are suggesting, to the younger generations they are educating through these books, are the relations between them as neighboring states. I also aim, within the framework of this chapter, to reveal in the clearest possible way, based on facts, the basis of the often contradictory allegations made between the two peoples who come up against one another in Kosova.