Sweetpotato, Ipomoea batatas originated in northwestern South America around 8000–6000 Bc (Austin, 1988). Sweetpotato ranks seventh among all food crops worldwide, with an annual production of 115 million MT (FAO, 1980). Approximately 92% of the world’s sweetpotato is produced in Asia and the Pacific islands; 89% is grown in China. The United States produces 1 million MT valued at $200 million. Sweetpotato is used as a staple food, vegetable (fleshy roots, tender leaves and petioles), snack food, animal feed, for industrial starch extraction and fermentation, and for processed products. The major insect pests of sweetpotato in Java, Africa, and the Caribbean have been described. Over 100 arthropod pest species are listed (West, 1977) and most are leaf feeders, followed by stem, vine, root, and flower feeders. All but three species were insects. The biology and management of the major insect pests worldwide have been reviewed. Most recently, 270 insect and 17 mite species were listed as pests of sweetpotato in the field and in storage around the world, with weevils Cylas formicarius formicarius, C. f. elegantulus, and C. puncticollis being most damaging. Since most sweetpotatoes are produced in low-input agricultural systems, insect losses reach 60–100%. The report entitled Ecology and Management of Sweetpotato Insects (Chalfant et al., 1990) provides an excellent review of the status of research on insect pests of sweetpotato, including the major insect pests in the Western Hemisphere, their biology and distribution, damage, sampling approaches, management programs, and includes the future of integrated pest management programs in developed and developing countries. It also contains a holistic list of references and is an invaluable resource used extensively in this chapter.