Research of phytobenthos in Boka Kotorska Bay did not start until the second half of the twentieth century and 219 species have been described so far in this area. The highest number of identified taxa in the Bay belongs to the Atlantic phytogeographic element (35.1%), followed by the Mediterranean (18.9%), cosmopolitan (12.2%), and others. Endemic species of the Adriatic Sea are represented with only one species, Fucus virsoides, with the Bay as its southernmost distribution limit. Four species of seagrass are found, and meadows of Posidonia oceanica and Cymodocea nodosa are numerous, especially in the outer part of the Bay. Zostera noltei builds meadows together with the C. nodosa at several locations, while Zostera marina was found at one location only.