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Изменение биологической активности бурой лесной почвы при сельскохозяйственном использовании

Изменение биологической активности бурой лесной почвы при сельскохозяйственном использовании

Abstract

Сельскохозяйственное использование приводит к значительной трансформации почв. В первую очередь на использование почвы под пашню реагируют наиболее чувствительные биологические показатели. Цель исследования - установить влияние использования бурых лесных почв под посадку яблоневых садов на их биологическую активность, в частности на содержание гумуса, ферментативную активность (каталазы и дегидрогеназы). В качестве контроля выбран участок леса, прилегающий к пашне. В результате нарушения естественного растительного покрова изменяются гидротермические условия почвы. Влажность почвы на пашне ниже, чем под лесом, в то время как температура значительно выше. На пашне, по сравнению с контролем, выявлены значительные потери гумуса (более 50%) в верхних, наиболее нарушенных горизонтах. В нижележащих горизонтах значения данного показателя были достаточно низкие (не более 1,5%) на всех исследуемых участках. Снижение содержания гумуса, а так же иссушение и перегрев почв пашни приводит к изменению ферментативной активности не только в поверхностных горизонтах, но и по всему профилю. Вследствие перемещения наиболее благоприятных гидротермических условий в нижележащие горизонты наблюдается увеличение ферментативной активности над контрольными значениями в более глубоких слоях почвы. Установлена возможность применения биологических показателей в качестве индикаторов изменения бурых лесных почв в результате их сельскохозяйственного использования

Agricultural use leads to a significant transformation of soils. The first to use the soil for cultivation react most sensitive biological indicators. The purpose of the study - to establish the effect of using the brown forest soils for planting apple orchards for their biological activity, in particular on the humus content, enzyme activity (catalase and dehydrogenase). For the control, we have selected forest area adjacent to arable land. Because of violations of the natural vegetation, there are changes in hydrothermal conditions of the soil. Humidity soil plowed off under forest, while temperatures gets considerably higher. Plowing, compared with the control, revealed significant loss of humus (50%) in the upper most disturbed horizons. In the lower horizons of the values of this index were quite low (1.5%) on all sections of the test. The decline in humus content, as well as overheating and draining soil tillage results in a change of enzymatic activity not only in the surface layers, but also in the whole profile. Due to the movement of the most favorable hydrothermal conditions in the underlying horizons, an increase of enzyme activity over control values in the deeper layers of the soil. The article shows a possibility of the use of biological indicators as indicators of changes in the brown forest soils as a result of agricultural use

Keywords

СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОЕ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ,БУРЫЕ ЛЕСНЫЕ ПОЧВЫ,СОДЕРЖАНИЕ ГУМУСА,ФЕРМЕНТАТИВНАЯ АКТИВНОСТЬ,AGRICULTURAL USE,BROWN FOREST SOILS,HUMUS CONTENT,ENZYMATIC ACTIVITY

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold