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Влияние бахчевых культур на формирование теплофизического режима черноземов

Влияние бахчевых культур на формирование теплофизического режима черноземов

Abstract

Soil thermophysical properties depend on a number of factors as moisture content, density, particle-size distribution, humus content, temperature, etc. Those factors determine the formation of the temperature regime in the soil profile. And the soil moisture is a determining factor directly affecting the crop growth and development. The knowledge of soil moisture content in the genetic horizons of chernozem enabled determining the total moisture reserve and evaluating available moisture reserves in one meter soil layer. In addition, the study of the thermal properties has revealed that the chernozems of the Altai Region’s Priobye (the Ob River area) warm up poorly particularly in the lower horizons of the profile due to high values of volumetric heat capacity and thermal conductivity. Chernozems cool slowly in autumn due to large reserves of heat accumulated during the growing season and the seasonal decrease of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity. Another feature of chernozem thermophysical status is the stabilization of the thermal regime at the periods of cold weather.

Теплофизические характеристики почвы зависят от ряда факторов, таких как влажность, плотность, гранулометрический состав, содержание гумуса, температура и т.д. Эти факторы обусловливают формирование температурного режима в почвенном профиле. При этом почвенное увлажнение является определяющим условием, от которого напрямую зависят рост и развитие сельскохозяйственных культур. Знание почвенной влажности генетических горизонтов чернозема позволило определить общие и оценить полезные запасы влаги в метровом слое почвы. Кроме того, исследование теплофизических характеристик дало возможность выявить, что черноземы Алтайского Приобья являются плохо прогреваемыми, особенно в нижних горизонтах профиля вследствие высоких значений объемной теплоемкости и теплопроводности. Осенью черноземы медленно остывают благодаря высоким запасам тепла, накопленного за вегетацию, и сезонному снижению теплои температуропроводности. Особенностью теплофизического состояния чернозема является также стабилизация их теплового режима в периоды похолоданий.

Keywords

БАХЧЕВЫЕ КУЛЬТУРЫ, ТЫКВА, КАБАЧКИ, ВЛАЖНОСТЬ, ОБЪЕМНАЯ ТЕПЛОЕМКОСТЬ, ТЕПЛОПРОВОДНОСТЬ, ТЕМПЕРАТУРОПРОВОДНОСТЬ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold