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Научно-педагогическая школа почвоведов Тимирязевки

Научно-педагогическая школа почвоведов Тимирязевки

Abstract

The Department of Soil Science was established in 1912 and still functions as one of the research centers of agronomic soil science in Russia. The first head of the department was V.R. Williams, who irremovably held the chair for forty-five years. The development of soil science at the Academy (which later acquired the status of University) occurred simultaneously with the research work and development of soil science in our country. V.R. Williams was the founder of scientific and pedagogical school which is widely known in Russia and abroad as a school of soil science in Timiryazevka. The biological principle underlies all the creative and scientific work of V.R. Williams devoted to the study of soil genesis. According to his theory soils origin and development is inextricably connected with life and its evolution. Moreover, his doctrine on a single soil-forming process, research on soil humus, the concept of plant formations, etc. is the largest contribution to the genetic soil science as well as in theoretical science in general. The primary research item among the Department scientists in the following years was genesis and fertility of soils in Russia, which was continued by his disciples: V.P. Bushinsky, S.P. Yarkov, M.N. Pershin, etc. I.S. Kaurichev studies had the greatest impact on scientific, educational and pedagogical work of the Department. It was he who developed the concept of eluvial-gleyic process, classification of the main soil types on the grounds of oxidation-reduction regime, development and implementation in soil research such method as sorption lysimeters and many others. Significant contribution to the national soil science was made by N.P. Panov, who also worked on the genesis, classification and soil reclamation of alkaline complexes in different regions. The full-scale research was carried out in both European Russia and its Asian part. In recent years the main research items at the Department have been devoted to the practical problems encountered in agronomic soil science. Nowadays extensive educational work is performed at the Department, new plans and programs are being developed for students, who take the course of soil science in agricultural universities, educational methods for soil science disciplines teaching and guiding have been constantly revised and improved. Textbooks and teaching materials developed and published at the Department are used by the majority of students studying at agricultural universities of the whole country. For the last five years eleven monographs, seven textbooks (among them five are classified), sixteen learning guides have been published by the Department staff.

Кафедра почвоведения была организована в 1912 году и является одним из научных центров агрономического почвоведения в России. Первым заведующим кафедрой был В.Р. Вильямс, который бессменно ею руководил в течение 45 лет. Развитие почвоведения в академии, а затем в университете, идет параллельно со становлением и развитием научного почвоведения в нашей стране. В.Р. Вильямс стал основоположником научной и педагогической школы, которая известна в настоящее время в России и за рубежом как школа почвоведов Тимирязевки. Все творчество В.Р. Вильямса в изучении генезиса почв пронизывает биологическое начало. Зарождение и развитие почв он неразрывно связывает с жизнью и ее эволюцией. Крупнейшим вкладом в генетическое почвоведение и в целом в теоретическое естествознание является его учение о едином почвообразовательном процессе, исследования по проблеме почвенного гумуса, понятие о растительных формациях и т.д. Главным направлением научных исследований коллектива кафедры в последующие годы является изучение генезиса и плодородия почв России, которое продолжили его ученики В.П. Бушинский, С.П. Ярков, М.Н. Першина и др. Большое влияние на научный, учебный педагогический процесс на кафедре почвоведения оказал И.С. Кауричев. Ему принадлежит разработка представлений об элювиально-глеевом процессе, о группировке основных типов почв по ОВ-режиму, разработке и внедрении в почвенные исследования метода сорбционных лизиметров и многое другое. Значительный вклад в отечественное почвоведение внес Н.П. Панов, который занимался вопросами изучения генезиса, классификации и мелиорации почв солонцовых комплексов различных регионов. Большие почвенные исследования проводились кафедрой на территории европейской и азиатской частей России. Основные направления исследований кафедры в последние годы связаны с решением практических задач агропочвоведения. Кафедра ведет большую учебно-методическую работу, участвуя в составлении новых планов и программ по курсу почвоведения для студентов сельскохозяйственных вузов, постоянно совершенствуются методики проведения занятий со студентами по дисциплине почвоведения. По учебникам и учебным пособиям, разработанным и изданным кафедрой, обучаются большинство студентов сельскохозяйственных вузов страны. Только за последние 5 лет было опубликовано 11 монографий, 7 учебников (5 с грифом), 16 учебных пособий преподаватей кафедры.

Keywords

ПОЧВОВЕДЕНИЕ,SOIL SCIENCE,ПОЧВА,ГУМУС,HUMUS,СОСТАВ И СВОЙСТВА ПОЧВ,SOILS COMPOSITION AND PROPERTIES,КЛАССИФИКАЦИЯ ПОЧВ,SOIL CLASSIFICATION,ГЕНЕЗИС,ПОЧВЕННЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ,SOIL INVESTIGATION,ПОЧВООБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫЙ ПРОЦЕСС,SOIL-FORMING PROCESS,ДЕРНОВО-ПОДЗОЛИСТЫЕ ПОЧВЫ,SOD-PODZOLIC SOILS,ЧЕРНОЗЕМ,CHERNOZEM SOILS

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
bronze