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История природопользования и современное состояние растительности лесных ландшафтов низкого плато Приволжской возвышенности

История природопользования и современное состояние растительности лесных ландшафтов низкого плато Приволжской возвышенности

Abstract

Статья посвящена изучению влияния хозяйственной деятельности на трансформацию растительности низкого плато Приволжской возвышенности в пределах Пензенской области. Автором обсуждается характер природопользования территорий с момента их заселения и до настоящего времени. Анализируются изменения флористического состава, структуры растительных сообществ низкого плато Приволжской возвышенности, их соотношение в сложении растительного покрова, а также изменение площадей, занимаемых разными типами растительных ценозов и антропогенно преобразованных территорий. Установлено, что за последние 300 лет площадь лесных массивов сократилась более чем на половину, а площадь распаханных земель увеличилась в 1,5 раза. В настоящее время естественная растительность сохранилась лишь на небольших участках, неудобных для распашки. Лесная растительность территории низкого плато Приволжской возвышенности представлена дубравами, вторичными (производными) сообществами – осинниками и березняками, культурами сосны разного возраста. Во всех типах леса в травостое доминируют виды широколиственных лесов. Травянистая растительность представлена луговыми степями, остепненными, настоящими и влажными лугами.

Article examines the impact of economic activity on the transformation of vegetation low plateau Volga Uplands within the Penza region. The author discusses the type of nature management of territories since their settlement to the present time. Analyzes changes in the floristic composition, structure of plant communities of low plateau Volga Uplands, their proportion in the composition of vegetation, as well as variation in the areas occupied by the different types of phytocenoses and anthropogenically transformed areas. Over the past 300 years, the forest cover has been reduced by more than half, and the area of cultivated land increased by 1.5 times. Currently, the natural vegetation has been preserved only in small areas, unsuitable for plowing. Forest vegetation of the low plateau of the Volga upland presented by oak forests, secondary (derived) communities aspen and birch, pine plantings of different agesIn all forest types in the grass cover is dominated by broadleaf species. Grassy vegetation is represented meadow steppes, steppefied, present and wet meadows.

Keywords

ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ РАСТИТЕЛЬНОСТИ, ПРИРОДОПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ, НИЗКОЕ ПЛАТО ПРИВОЛЖСКОЙ ВОЗВЫШЕННОСТИ, ЛЕСОСТЕПЬ, РАСТИТЕЛЬНЫЙ ПОКРОВ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold