Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ HAL Université de To...arrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
HAL Université de Tours
Doctoral thesis . 2022
License: CC BY
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
HAL INRAE
Doctoral thesis . 2022
License: CC BY
Data sources: HAL INRAE
versions View all 2 versions
addClaim

This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

You have already added 0 works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.

Anatomical plasticity of brain regions associated with adaptive behaviour

Authors: Siwiaszczyk, Marine;

Anatomical plasticity of brain regions associated with adaptive behaviour

Abstract

Les comportements adaptatifs sont définis comme l'ensemble des réactions comportementales et physiologiques à un évènement particulier issu de l'environnement externe ou interne. Les comportements adaptatifs ont été étudiés à l’échelle des espèces mais aussi à l’échelle des individus ce qui a permis de montrer que ces comportements sont impactés par la sélection génétique, l’expérience précoce et la phylogénie. Pour comprendre les modifications engendrées par ces différents facteurs, il est nécessaire d’étudier le cerveau qui est le siège de ces comportements, notre hypothèse étant que les comportements adaptatifs sont liés à une organisation spécifique de l'encéphale. Dans le but d’étudier l’ensemble des substrats neurobiologiques des comportements adaptatifs, il est indispensable de considérer les régions cérébrales impliquées dans la perception de l’environnement, les émotions et les comportements sociaux. Pour étudier l’ensemble de ces régions, nous avons utilisé l’Imagerie par Résonance Magnétique (IRM) qui est la méthode la plus appropriée pour étudier l’encéphale dans sa globalité et mener une approche comparative. Au cours de ma thèse, une étude en IRM de la morphologie des structures relatives aux processus sensoriels (olfactifs, auditifs,...) et aux processus socio-émotionnels (amygdale, hippocampe, substance grise périaqueducale,...) a donc été menée afin de tester les hypothèses concernant la sélection génétique, l’expérience précoce et la phylogénie. Pour tester l’hypothèse de la sélection génétique, nous avons utilisé deux lignées de caille japonaise, STI (Short Tonic Immobility) et LTI (Long Tonic Immobility), sélectionnées sur leur durée d’immobilité tonique, comportement adaptatif traduisant l’émotivité des individus. Nous avons montré que la sélection génétique influence la morphologie de régions cérébrales impliquées dans les processus émotionnels mais aussi sensoriels. Pour tester l’hypothèse de l’expérience précoce, nous avons étudié l’influence de l’exposition précoce à la musique en tant qu’enrichissement du milieu pour des agneaux en allaitement artificiel pour lesquels nous savons que les comportements adaptatifs sont altérés. Nous avons mis en évidence que cette expérience modifie le profil d’activité (notamment la réactivité émotionnelle), l’axe endocrinien et la morphologie cérébrale de certaines structures telles que le noyau caudé. Pour tester l’hypothèse de la phylogénie, une étude de biologie comparée a été menée sur différentes espèces sauvages (cerf-souris, maki catta, otarie…) au cours de laquelle nous avons décrit les spécificités morphologiques des structures cérébrales connues pour être impliquées dans les comportements adaptatifs.Ce travail de thèse montre donc l’implication de la sélection génétique, de l’expérience précoce mais aussi de la phylogénie dans la plasticité anatomique des régions associées aux comportements adaptatifs chez différentes espèces animales.

Adaptive behaviors are defined as the set of behavioral and physiological reactions to a particular event arising from the external or internal environment. These adaptive behaviors have been studied at the species level but also at the level of the individual, showing that these behaviors are impacted by genetic selection, early experience and phylogeny. To understand the changes caused by these different factors, we need to study the brain, which is the seat of these behaviors, our hypothesis being that adaptive behaviors are linked to a specific organization of the brain. In order to study all the neurobiological substrates of adaptive behavior, it is essential to consider the brain regions involved in the perception of the environment, emotions and social behavior. To study all of these regions, we used Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) which is the most suitable method to study the whole brain and to conduct a comparative study. During my thesis, I conducted an MRI study of the morphology of structures relating to sensory (olfactory, auditory, etc.) and socioemotional processes (amygdala, hippocampus, periaqueductal gray matter, etc.). To test the genetic selection hypothesis, we used two lines of Japanese quail, STI (Short Tonic Immobility) and LTI (Long Tonic Immobility), selected on their duration of tonic immobility, an adaptive behavior reflecting the emotionality of individuals. We found that genetic selection influences the morphology of brain regions involved in emotional but also sensory processes. To test the early experience hypothesis, we investigated the influence of early exposure to music as an environmental enrichment for lambs reared under mother-deprivation and with milk replacement, for which we know adaptive behaviors are altered.We have shown that this experience modifies their activity profile (especially emotional reactivity), the endocrine axis and the cerebral morphology of structures such as the caudate nucleus. To test the phylogenetic hypothesis, a comparative biology study was carried out on different wild species (deer mouse, cat-tailed lions, sea lions, etc.) during which we described the morphological specificities of brain structures known to be involved inadaptive behaviors.This thesis work shows, in different animal species, the involvement of genetic selection, early experience but also phylogeny in the anatomical plasticity of regions associated with adaptive behaviors.

Country
France
Keywords

Cerveau, Behavior, [SDV.MHEP.AHA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Sheep, Ovin, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Comportement, [SDV.NEU.NB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, [SDV.NEU.PC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, Brain, Quail, Caille, [SDV.NEU.SC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, MRI, IRM

  • BIP!
    Impact byBIP!
    selected citations
    These citations are derived from selected sources.
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    0
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green
Related to Research communities
INRAE