The current dataset was compiled to study sediment fingerprintings practices, i.e tracer selection and contribution modelling. Colorimetric properties analysed with a portable diffuse reflectance spectrophotometer (Konica Minolta CM-700d) and geochemical contents obtained with an energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (ED-XRF Epsilon 4), organic matter and stable isotopes were analysed by EA-IRMS and radionuclides using coaxial N- and P- type HPGe detectors (Canberra/Ortec). These properties were analysed in potential source material that may supply sediment to the Dzoumogné reservoir, Mayotte island, France. Three potential soil source materials (n = 57) were considered: cropland (n = 29), forest (n = 13) and subsurface material originating from channel bank collapse, landslides, badlands (n = 16). A sediment core was collected in the Dzoumogné reservoir (Target) on the 8th October 2021 and 20 layers were sampled. The current dataset comprises two Excel files including the metadata description and the data itself.