Climate change is contributing to mental health challenges globally and there is a need to identify pathways that can mitigate these effects. Relational factors that are linked with higher resilience and improved mental health are understudied in relation to climate distress. We examine the association between social (dis)connection and climate change anxiety among a sample of individuals, aged 16+, living in British Columbia, Canada. Cross-sectional online surveys administered between May and December 2021 were conducted with a sample of participants recruited via online social media advertisements. We conducted multivariable linear regression analyses to assess associations between social disconnection and climate change anxiety. Mediation analyses were also conducted to assess if generalized psychological distress mediated the pathways of interest. Findings revealed that (a) subjective social disconnection was associated with greater climate change anxiety, and (b) this effect was mediated by higher levels of generalized psychological distress. Dominance analyses revealed social disconnection and political orientation as key contributors to climate change anxiety. We conclude that building resilience through supportive social networks and communities may mitigate the harmful effects of climate change anxiety. Interventions may benefit from group-based and community-building modalities. Further research on such interventions is needed.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We gratefully acknowledge the participants in our survey for their free contribution of time to share their experiences of climate change anxiety, distress, and social disconnectedness with our team and the broader scientific community. FUNDING This study was funded by grants from the New Frontiers Research Fund and Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council. KGC is supported by a Scholar Award from the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research. AVAILABILITY OF DATA AND MATERIALS Data and materials are available upon request to the corresponding author. ETHICS APPROVAL AND CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE Ethical review for this study was completed by the Research Ethics Board at Simon Fraser University. CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION Not applicable. COMPETING INTERESTS The Authors declare they have no competing interests. PUBLICATION DATES Received: 31 March 2023 Accepted: 07 August 2023 Published: 08 August 2023