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Slow Electron Holes in the Earth's Magnetosheath

Authors: Shaikh Zubair Ibrahim; I. Y. Vasko; I. H. Hutchinson; S. R. Kamaletdinov; J. C. Holmes; D. L. Newman; F. S. Mozer;

Slow Electron Holes in the Earth's Magnetosheath

Abstract

AbstractWe present a statistical analysis of electrostatic solitary waves observed aboard Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft in the Earth's magnetosheath. Applying single‐spacecraft interferometry to several hundred solitary waves collected in about 2‐minute interval, we show that almost all of them have the electrostatic potential of positive polarity and propagate quasi‐parallel to the local magnetic field with plasma frame velocities of the order of 100 km/s. The solitary waves have typical parallel half‐widths from 10 to 100 m that is between 1 and 10 Debye lengths and typical amplitudes of the electrostatic potential from 10 to 200 mV that is between 0.01% and 1% of local electron temperature. The solitary waves are associated with quasi‐Maxwellian ion velocity distribution functions, and their plasma frame velocities are comparable with ion thermal speed and well below electron thermal speed. We argue that the solitary waves of positive polarity are slow electron holes and estimate the time scale of their acceleration, which occurs due to interaction with ions, to be of the order of one second. The observation of slow electron holes indicates that their lifetime was shorter than the acceleration time scale. We argue that multi‐spacecraft interferometry applied previously to these solitary waves is not applicable because of their too‐short spatial scales. The source of the slow electron holes and the role in electron‐ion energy exchange remain to be established.

Keywords

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), Physics - Space Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Physics - Plasma Physics, Space Physics (physics.space-ph), Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics

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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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