This dataset includes DF-XRM data obtained at an X-FEL source. The sample is a diamond single crystal with a strain wave propagating through the center, which is imaged in a stroboscopic fashion. This data originated the LCLS, see arXiv:2211.01042 for a description of the experiment. Run 538 contains a time series with 1 ns between each step, run 540 contains a time series with 72 ns steps (one full period) while run 536 contains a rocking curve. Each run is divided into hdf5 files with 2000 shots each. Each hdf5 file has then been zipped using the BZIP2 algorithm to reduce the overall size. Each run contains header information with the status of the X-FEL beam and the laser (the laser excites the strain wave). The shots where the X-FEL beam is off should be used to subtract the detector background. Run 536 additionally contains motor positions for the goniometer. Please note: for run 538 and 540 there are ~120 shots at each position. However, the timing tool is unreliable, giving a ±1 ns error, and to analyze this data the correct time of each shot must be first identified. This can be done by looking at the position of the strain wave. Using python, the data may be unziped, opened, and visualized in the following way: import zipfile import numpy as np import h5py #unzip with zipfile.ZipFile(f'538_0.zip', 'r') as zip_ref: zip_ref.extractall('') with h5py.File(f'538_0.hdf5', 'r') as f: # print contents of file for key in f.keys(): print(key, f[key].shape, f[key].dtype) # approximate the detector background mask = np.array(f[b'lightStatus_xray']) == 0 Images_DF_Xray_OFF = np.array(f['images_dark_field_arm'][mask,:,:]) df_noise = np.median(Images_DF_Xray_OFF, axis = 0) # extract desired frames ims = np.array(f['images_dark_field_arm'][120*1:120*2]) im = np.average(ims, axis = 0) # plot the detector background and the average of the selected frames import matplotlib.pyplot as plt fig, axes = plt.subplots(1,2, figsize = (4, 12), dpi = 300) axes[0].imshow(df_noise, vmin = np.percentile(df_noise,1), vmax = np.percentile(df_noise,99)) axes[1].imshow(im-df_noise, vmin = np.percentile(im-df_noise,1), vmax = np.percentile(im-df_noise,99))

Financial support was provided by the Villum FONDEN (grant no. 00028346) and the ESS lighthouse on hard materials in 3D, SOLID, funded by the Danish Agency for Science and Higher Education (grant number 8144-00002B). Moreover, H.F.P. and H.S. acknowledges support from the European Research Council (Advanced grant no 885022 and Starting grant no 804665, respectively). We further acknowledge that this work was performed in part under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. Initial contributions from LEDM were also funded by the support of the Lawrence Fellowship at LLNL. TMR acknowledges funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 899987.