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Study on Submerged Arc Welding Slag Recycling for Stainless Steel Welding: A Review

Authors: Atul Tiwari; Aditya Narayan Bhatt;

Study on Submerged Arc Welding Slag Recycling for Stainless Steel Welding: A Review

Abstract

{"references": ["Choudhary, A., Kumar, M., & Unune, D. R. (2019). Experimental investigation and optimization of weld bead characteristics during submerged arc welding of AISI 1023 steel. Defence Technology, 15(1), 72-82.", "Nam, T.-H., An, E., Kim, B. J., Shin, S., Ko, W.-S., Park, N., . . . Jeon, J. B. (2018).", "Parmar, R.S (2018). Welding processes and technology. Delhi: Khanna Publishers.", "Ramesh, S. T., Gandhimathi, R., Nidheesh, P. V., Rajakumar, S., & Prateepkumar, S. (2013). Use of furnace slag and welding slag as replacement for sand in concrete. International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering, 4(1), 3.", "Ananthi, A., & Karthikeyan, J. (2015). Properties of industrial slag as fine aggregate in concrete. International Journal of Engineering and Technology Innovation, 5(2), 132.", "Ganga, V., & Rajkohila, A. (2015). Experimental studies on concrete using SAW flux waste. International Journal of Civil Engineering, 2(12), 1-4.", "Francis, A. A., & Abdel Rahman, M. K. (2016). Transforming submerged-arc welding slags into magnetic glass-ceramics. International Journal of Sustainable Engineering, 9(6), 411-418.", "Singh, J., Singh, K., & Gargan, J. (2011). Reuse of slag as flux in submerged arc welding & its effect on chemical composition, bead geometry & microstructure of the weld metal. International Journal of Surface Engineering & Materials Technology, 1(1), 4.", "Dobr\u00e1nszky, J., N\u00e9meth, L., & Bicz\u00f3, c. (2014). Influence of Slag-Flux Mixture on the Properties of Welded Joints. Advanced Materials Research, 1029, 164-169.", "Somal, S. S., Singh, T., Singh, N., & Singh, G. (Feb 2016). Performance comparison of Microstructure obtained in Submerged Arc Welding using different proportion of slag-flux mixture. 3rd National Conference on Advancements in Simulation & Experimental Techniques in mechanical engineering, (p. 9)."]}

The submerged arc welding process is the type of fusion welding process that uses a continuously moving electrode towards the workpiece. The granular flux is used in submerged arc welding, which is kept in the hopper and flows through the nozzle ahead of the weld pool. When the arc is generated between electrode and workpiece, the flux melts and form molten slag Submerged arc welding uses a granular flux that is converted to slag during welding. The generated slag is treated as waste that contains residues of minerals and is non- biodegradable. Due to its non-biodegradable nature, it creates an environmental problem, hence needs safe disposal. A huge amount of land and cost is incurred for its safe disposal. The study was undertaken to reduce these problems with submerged arc welding slag. For recycling SAW slag, Agglomerated fluxes were prepared by mixing different amounts of alloying element and deoxidizer (by hit and trial) to the milled slag and using potassium silicate as a binder. It was found that the addition of SiO2 (8%), Cr2O3 (4%), TiO2(3%), MnO (2%) gave the desired weld chemistry, according to ASTM A 240 for SS 304.

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