Operational flexibility represents the ability to adapt to changes in production or assembly processes. It is a crucial aspect of assembly sequence planning for a dynamic environment (such as large-scale assembly systems). The choice of graph model, such as precedence graph or AND/OR graph, can significantly impact operational flexibility. The state-of-the-art research has demonstrated the utility of precedence graphs and AND/OR graphs for flexible assembly lines. However, AND/OR graphs offer the potential for even greater operational flexibility but with a higher computational cost. Further research is still needed on the detailed effects of precedence graphs and AND/OR graphs on operational flexibility and the limits for their application to large-scale assemblies. The trade-offs between different models and their impact on operational flexibility and computational costs is observed. 1st underlying research question: Which graph model, derived from CAD-based assembly-by- disassembly, can increase the operational flexibility in integrated assembly sequence planning and job scheduling problems? A hypothesis is formulated to answer this research question, which will be used to design an experiment and be tested. Hypothesis 1: The AND/OR graph can be utilized to improve the operational flexibility in comparison to the precedence graph.