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ABSTRACT Introduction: there are several options when choosing the position in which the pregnant woman will be attended during the childbirth process; likewise, there are several opinions and experiences on the part of obstetricians. Objective: to describe free position delivery in the humanization of childbirth in Ecuador. Method: a review of the literature was carried out in the databases Scopus, SciELO, Redalyc and the websites of the Ministry of Public Health of Ecuador. The terms humanization, transculturality, childbirth, humanized childbirth, vertical childbirth, Ecuador were used in the search for information. Twenty-one articles were selected for the development of this study. Results: the labor process, divided into the expulsion period and childbirth, is clearly physiological; however, when it comes to facing it, there is a clash between medicine and western customs. The existence of multiple positions to be assumed during labor, both vertical and horizontal, is highlighted. Conclusions: the choice of position during labor should be up to the mother, since she is the one demanding a service and, therefore, it should be provided with quality. The conditions should be created to achieve an integrative medicine that combines culture with scientific practice, in order to achieve a humanized childbirth and rescue the national identity. Efforts are needed in terms of regulations to protocolize the free choice of childbirth position in the Health System. RESUMEN Introducción: existen varias opciones al elegir la posición en la cual sería atendida la gestante en su proceso de parto; de igual forma, varias son las opiniones y vivencias por parte de los/las obstetras. Objetivo: describir el parto de libre posición en la humanización del parto en Ecuador. Método: se realizó una revisión de la literatura en las bases de datos Scopus, SciELO, Redalyc y los sitios web del Ministerio de Salud Pública de Ecuador. Para la búsqueda de información se emplearon los términos humanización, transculturalidad, parto, parto humanizado, parto vertical, Ecuador. Se seleccionaron 21 artículos para el desarrollo de la presente. Resultados: el proceso de labor de parto dividido en periodo expulsivo y alumbramiento son netamente fisiológicos; sin embargo, a la hora de enfrentarlo, existe un choque entre la medicina y las costumbres occidentales. Se destaca la existencia de múltiples posiciones a asumir en el parto tanto verticales como horizontales. Conclusiones: la elección de la posición durante el parto debe recaer en la madre, siendo esta la demandante de un servicio y, por lo tanto, el mismo debe brindarse con calidad. Deben crearse las condiciones para lograr una medicina integrativa, que una cultura con práctica científica, para de esta forma lograr un parto humanizado y rescatar a su vez de la identidad nacional. Se necesitan esfuerzos en cuanto a regulaciones para protocolizar la libre elección de la posición del parto en el Sistema de Salud.
Cultura, Parto Humanizado, Culture, Transculturación, Ecuador, Transculturation, Humanized Childbirth
Cultura, Parto Humanizado, Culture, Transculturación, Ecuador, Transculturation, Humanized Childbirth
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