Datasets with all properties measured during three crop cycles of an experiment developed to assess the efficiency of intercropping between broccoli and fava bean to enhance crop productivity, soil health and carbon sequestration and storage and reduce soil greenhouse gas emissions and the use of external inputs. We compared a broccoli monocrop (Brassica oleracea var. italica Plenck), a fava bean monocrop (Vicia faba L.) and different broccoli-fava bean intercropping systems in three winter crop cycles: 2018/2019, 2019/2020 and 2020/2021. The intercropping systems were: i) mixed intercropping (alternation within the same row of broccoli and fava bean plants), row intercropping 1:1 (combination of alternate rows of broccoli - fava bean) and row intercropping 2:1 (combination of two rows of the broccoli crop and one row of fava bean).

This research was funded by the Project AsociaHortus granted by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (AGL2017-83975-R). M. Marcos-Pérez acknowledges the financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities through the "Ayudas para contratos predoctorales para la formación de doctores 2018" Program [PRE2018-085702].