The present study examines the impact of globalization, financial development, human capital, and carbon emissions on adopting renewable energy sources in Pakistan. The advancement of sustainable energy sources is paramount in tackling worldwide environmental issues. The present investigation aimed to scrutinize the uptake of sustainable energy sources to alleviate ecological concerns, utilizing data obtained from Pakistan over the time frame of 1990 to 2021. The study utilized the robust least squares (RLS) approach for data analysis. The results suggest that globalization favors renewable energy, while financial development, human capital, and carbon emissions demonstrate adverse impacts on renewable energy. The present study suggests several policy recommendations to improve the adoption of renewable energy sources and reduce environmental pollution.