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«Lingua franca notarile bizantina» in Etiopia? Su un tratto linguistico nel più antico testo documentario etiopico (le costruzioni del tipo ʾǝmfalaga falagu, «lungo il fiume»)

Authors: Bausi, Alessandro;

«Lingua franca notarile bizantina» in Etiopia? Su un tratto linguistico nel più antico testo documentario etiopico (le costruzioni del tipo ʾǝmfalaga falagu, «lungo il fiume»)

Abstract

La «Donazione di Ṭanṭawǝdǝm» è il più antico testo documentario etiopico (XII secolo) e presenta un tratto linguistico (tipo ʾǝmfalaga falagu, lett. «dal fiume del suo fiume», certamente dal significato di «lungo il fiume» come recentemente proposto da Nafisa Valieva) che non si riscontra nei testi successivi. Costruzioni con ripetizione di lessema nelle definizioni di confini richiamano da presso la reduplicazione che si riscontra in testi documentari di età normanna e sveva, attestati dalla fine dell’XI secolo nell’Italia meridionale e particolarmente in Sicilia, in identico contesto documentario. Per questi ultimi si è suggerito che la costruzione, originariamente proveniente da area greca, sia confluita in una lingua franca notarile bizantina, usata da scribi grecofoni ed espressa in documenti arabi, greci e latini. La corrispondenza formale e funzionale della costruzione linguistica giustifica l’ipotesi di lavoro di una relazione diretta tra la cancelleria etiopica e pratiche diplomatiche mediterranee del XII secolo.

The «Donation of Ṭanṭawǝdǝm» is the oldest Ethiopian documentary text (twelfth century) and has a linguistic feature (type ʾǝmfalaga falagu, lit. «from the river of his river», certainly meaning «along the river» as recently proposed by Nafisa Valieva) that is not found in later texts. Constructions with lexeme repetition in boundary clauses closely resemble the reduplication type found in documentary texts from the Norman and Swabian periods, attested from the end of the eleventh century in southern Italy and particularly in Sicily, in an identical documentary context. For the latter, it has been suggested that the construction, originally from the Greek area, converged into a Byzantine notarial lingua franca, used by Greek-speaking scribes and expressed in Arabic, Greek and Latin documents. The formal and functional correspondence of the linguistic construction justifies the working hypothesis of a direct relationship between Ethiopian chancery and Mediterranean diplomatic practices of the twelfth century.

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Italy
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Keywords

Linguistic Interference, Archival and Notarial Practices, Lingua franca, Documentary Texts, Mediterranean, medieval Ethiopia; medieval Eritrea: lingua franca: documentary texts: linguistic interference; archival practices; Mediterranean, Medieval Ethiopia and Eritrea

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This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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