This file contains bone structural data and associated contextual information for 2177 European skeletons dating from about 32,000 years before present to the late 20th century. They were collected as part of a project funded primarily by the US National Science Foundation and carried out between 2007 and 2015. The primary publication associated with this file is: Ruff, C. B. (ed.) (2018) Skeletal variation and adaptation in Europeans: Upper Paleolithic to the Twentieth Century. Hoboken: Wiley Blackwell. Please see the attached Notes file for more information on collaborators and contacts, as well as descriptions of data variables and other notes.