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Synthesizing and Structural Characterization of Li4Ti5O12 Anode Nanomaterials for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Authors: Allison-Bruce Samuel Adonye; Wokoma Biobele Alexander;

Synthesizing and Structural Characterization of Li4Ti5O12 Anode Nanomaterials for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Abstract

{"references": ["Zhang, Q., Verde, M. G., Seo, J. K., Li, X., & Meng, Y. S. (2015). Structural and electrochemical properties of Gd-doped Li4Ti5O12 as anode material with improved rate capability for lithium-ion batteries. Journal of Power Sources, 280, 355-362.", "Yi, T. F., Wei, T. T., Li, Y., He, Y. B., & Wang, Z. B. (2020). Efforts on enhancing the Li-ion diffusion coefficient and electronic conductivity of titanate-based anode materials for advanced Li-ion batteries. Energy Storage Materials, 26, 165-197.", "Dong, C., Dong, W., Lin, X., Zhao, Y., Li, R., & Huang, F. (2020). Recent progress and perspectives of defective oxide anode materials for advanced lithium-ion battery. EnergyChem, 2(6), 100045.", "Wu, Y., Huang, X., Huang, L., & Chen, J. (2021). Strategies for rational design of high\u2010power lithium\u2010ion batteries. Energy & Environmental Materials, 4(1), 19-45.", "Cai, R., Yu, X., Liu, X., & Shao, Z. (2010). Li4Ti5O12/Sn composite anodes for lithium-ion batteries: Synthesis and electrochemical performance. Journal of Power Sources, 195(24), 8244-8250.", "Yaroslavtsev, A. B., & Stenina, I. A. (2020). Carbon coating of electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Surface Innovations, 9(2\u20133), 92-110.", "Wang, S., Yang, Y., Dong, Y., Zhang, Z., & Tang, Z. (2019). Recent progress in Ti-based nanocomposite anodes for lithium-ion batteries. Journal of Advanced Ceramics, 8, 1-18.", "Bhat, M. H., Chakravarthy, B. P., Ramakrishnan, P. A., Levasseur, A., & Rao, K. J. (2000). Microwave synthesis of electrode materials for lithium batteries. Bulletin of Materials Science, 23, 461-466.", "Bhattacharya, M., & Basak, T. (2017). Susceptor-assisted enhanced microwave processing of ceramics-a review. Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences, 42(6), 433-469", "Amin, K., Mao, L., & Wei, Z. (2019). Recent progress in polymeric carbonyl\u2010based electrode materials for lithium and sodium ion batteries. Macromolecular rapid communications, 40(1), 1800565."]}

A simple and an effective method for synthesizing high density, high capacity Li4Ti5O12 electrode material within a very short period of time, using homemade starch as carbon source is presented in this study. Lithium Titanate (Li4Ti5O12/C) was synthesized by using a simple microwave assisted hydrothermal method, with LiCO3 and TiO2 as precursors in which different concentrations of homemade starch was employed as carbon source. The samples were characterized by three different techniques, namely powder X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX). The results show mixed phase material containing Li4Ti5O12, TiO2 and Li2Ti3O7. The estimated particle size calculated using XRD results showed that the material produced were on the nanometer scale. It also showed that the sample with 5% starch produced the smallest particle size of 36.31 nm. The SEM images of the control sample (without starch) showed a flat continuous crystallite surface while that of the samples with starch showed discrete macron sized crystallites. The EDX spectra indicated that all the constituent elements were present.

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Keywords

Lithium-ion Batteries, anode material, Li4Ti5O12/C, LTO, synthesized electrode

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This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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