Richard Wright (1908-1960) was the first out standing black writer to achieve a distinct place in the canon of Afro-American Literature. There had of course, been other successful black writers before him Charles W. Chestnutt of Cleveland , Paul Laurence Dunbar of Dayton and some other extra ordinary talented writers but they were unable to knock the heart of the people of America . Richard Wright was a great American novelist, autobiographer, short story writer and playwright. He was the voice of those people who for centuries lived under the excruciating environment created by White people. The condition of black people was very pitiable; they were duped by white people in every phase of life. Richard Wright became a voice of those, who were suffered for a long time. He was one of the most important writers of his age. It would be not American wrong to say that he was the pioneer of a new genre of literature i.e. Afro American literature.