The distribution, composition and capacities of genetically heterogeneous Quaternary loose formations, as well as some geochemical coefficients and indicators of physical and mechanical properties of fine-grained aggregate of glacial formations are considered. For the first time, the contours of the paleolake formed during the melting of the glaciers of the Wurm glaciation were revealed and it was shown that it existed in the form of two separate parts connected by the Kasakh River. It is noted that volcanic lavas (basalts, andesite-basalts) with a thickness of 66-200 m lie under the lake sediments formed by the melt water of the Wurm glaciers, and even lower - lake deposits of melt water glaciers of the Riss glaciation.