The data provided here are the supplemental information accompanying Yaworsky et al, 2023 in the journal Scientific Reports. These data represent the following, which are referenced in the published work at DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31085-x. Below is the legend for the Supplementary Information, including how it is referenced within the text of the publication, the file name, and a brief description. More thorough descriptions of the data can be found within the publication in Scientific Reports. Supplementary 1 – UpperPaleoDietV4.html – HTML document of the analyses performed and presented in the paper. This is a Markdown document compiled in R with R code chunks and descriptions. Supplementary 2 – Support Information 2.docx – Word document containing supplementary tables 2 and 3. Supplementary 3 – ArchaeoloigcalDataset_v8.csv – Archaeological data referenced in the Material and Methods. These data are necessary for running the code presented in SI 1. Supplementary 4 – EuroUpperPaleoFaunas_v6.csv – Zooarchaeological data referenced in the Material and Methods. These data are necessary for running the code presented in SI 1. Supplementary 5 – Lupo2016.csv – Data of Arficant fauna weight derived from table in Lupo and Schmitt 2016 (Table 2). These data are necessary for running the code presented in SI 1. Supplementary 6 – PushkinaRaia_FaunaWeights.csv – Data of Pleistocene fauna weights derived from table in Pushkina and Raia 2008 (Table 1). These data are necessary for running the code presented in SI 1. Supplementary 7 – environmental_BG.csv – Data representing background environmental conditions derived from the CHELSA TRaCE21k data. These data are necessary for running the code in SI 1. For more information on the data, methods, and results, please see the main paper.