Determining factor in shaping the health or human pathology is the surrounding habitat environment. Recently everywhere is observed the rise of pathologies of the major organs and systems, caused by environmental factors, especially related to microelement status. Inadequate or excessive intake essential trace elements in the body with food ration leads to the gradual development of environmentally-related disease - microelementhoses. In the formation and distribution of these pathologies an important role, above all, is a quantitative heterogeneity of soils in relation to trace elements (in particular metals, as compared with their Clarke values). This paper presents the major aspects of the elemental status of the organism and the resulting pathologies, having causal connection with the collection of trace elements in the body. In Azerbaijan, to date not been studied such aspects as the definition of biogeochemical provinces as areas of risk to health and significantly affecting to the quality of food raw materials agricultural production, the nature and extent of translocation of bioelements from soil to plant products, provision of an organism different populations by micronutrients, interaction metals - micronutrients in the body, leading to spotty effect of exposure; levels and characteristics of the pathologies associated with the microelement status of the population of individual natural-economic zones of the country. It’s planning the scientific research on this problem.