{"references": ["1.\tRostami, I., Zare, A., Shams, A., & Saberi Firoozi, S. (2019). Characterization of Electromagnetic Force of the Transformer during the Occurrence of a Ferroresonance Phenomenon by FEM. International Journal of Smart Electrical Engineering, 8(02), 75-82.", "2.\tKhrennikov, A. Y., & Aleksandrov, N. M. (2019). Calculation of the electrodynamic forces causing deformation of the power transformer's windings. In E3S Web of Conferences (Vol. 124, p. 05020). EDP Sciences.", "3.\tLi, Y., Xu, Q., & Lu, Y. (2021). Electromagnetic force analysis of a power transformer under the short-circuit condition. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 31(8), 1-3.", "4.\tMahomed, N. (2011). Electromagnetic forces in transformers under short circuit conditions. Energize Online, 36-40.", "5.\tBertagnolli, G. (1996). Short-circuit duty of power transformers. Legnano, Italy, ABB Transformatori.", "6.\tBehjat, V., Shams, A., & Tamjidi, V. (2018). Characterization of power transformer electromagnetic forces affected by winding faults. J. Oper. Autom. Power Eng, 6(1), 40-49.", "7.\tSathya, A., & Savadamuthu, U. (2019). Electromagnetic force and deformation in transformer winding. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research (IJAER), 14(3), 790-796.", "8.\tDawood, K., Komurgoz, G., & Isik, F. (2019, September). Computation of the Axial and Radial forces in the Windings of the Power Transformer. In 2019 4th International Conference on Power Electronics and their Applications (ICPEA) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.", "9.\tDe Azevedo, A. C., Rezende, I., Delaiba, A. C., De Oliveira, J. C., Carvalho, B. C., & De, S. B. H. (2006, August). Investigation of transformer electromagnetic forces caused by external faults using FEM. In 2006 IEEE/PES Transmission & Distribution Conference and Exposition: Latin America (pp. 1-6). IEEE.", "10.\tSuppes, G. J., & Storvick, T. S. (2007). Production of electricity. Sustainable nuclear power, 185-200."]}

Power transformers are among the most expensive and key apparatuses in an electric power system. It is important thus, that they are properly protected and well-maintained. Transformers experience different stresses while in operation. The effect of electromagnetic force on transformer windings is worsened by electrical, mechanical, and thermal issues. Damage from the increase in electromagnetic force includes winding displacement, bending, and tearing. Therefore, it is essential to predict electromagnetic force when designing transformers. This paper investigated the causes and process of damage to transformer windings due to electromagnetic forces when these windings are short-circuited and recommended mitigation measures for the safer and more reliable operation of power transformers under such conditions.