Utilization of data for basic research versus industrial applications Universities and university researchers are sometimes perceived as focusing on basic research only, and lacking incentives for commercialization processes. In some cases, university researchers perceive industrial research as "problem solving", not in-depth research. One suggested solution is a platform of designated grants or funding programs that brings together both sectors through continuous collaboration and enables synergistic cooperation. Academia, industry, and healthcare contractual and IP sharing relations The industry sometimes sees the financial cost that an academic/medical institute charges for its IP as a barrier which might prevent both sides from reaching an agreement. Sometimes the costs of medical data are also considered high. One suggested solution is a creation of pre-existing agreement templates to regulate all such aspects. Requirement of funding and infrastructure for translational research Funding is required for the early stages of innovative research and for de-risking processes. The Israeli Bio-convergence program, recently developed by the Israeli Innovation Authority, plans to address such needs. In addition, knowledge transfer schemes in governmental agencies in Israel (Kamin, Nofar, Magneton and others) help to narrow the gap between academia and industry, with emphasis on bridging over the "valley of death" stage which requires mitigating technological risks and coming up with viable business plans. National level regulation of medical data use in terms of data security, privacy, and cost There is a clear need to regulate data sharing among the different sectors allowing innovation on one hand but assuring privacy and cost effectiveness on the other. One suggested solution is the creation of a data governance policy that will regulate all aspects of data sharing and associated costs. Such initiatives have begun in the Israeli ecosystem involving all relevant stakeholders. Accordingly, the Ministry of Health started drafting binding regulations regarding data anonymization, use of medical data in cloud technology and data sharing with the commercial sector.