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La structure de propriété (connu également par structure d’actionnariat) est l'un des mécanismes de gouvernance influençant la performance financière des entreprises. Le lien entre la structure de propriété et la performance a été la source de plusieurs travaux de recherche, que ça soit théorique ou empirique, et qui ont trouvé des résultats mitigés. L'objectif de notre manuscrit est d'étudier, si la concentration de la propriété (comme pilier de la structure de propriété) impact-elle la performance financière des sociétés marocaines cotées en bourse de Casablanca, du secteur industriel pour la période 2017 - 2019. L’échantillon choisi se compose de 24 entreprises appartenant au secteur industriel (72 observations), les données sont collectées à partir de sources secondaires (bilan, CPC, état des soldes de gestion et tableau de financement) des entreprises, publiées par la bourse de Casablanca, l’Autorité marocaine du marché des capitaux AMMC et le CDG capital. La problématique et les hypothèses de recherches sont traitées en faisant le recours à l’analyse de régression et de corrélation (Pearson et partielle), des données de panel. Les résultats menés montrent que la concentration de l’actionnariat est corrélée avec la performance des sociétés industrielles cotées. La concentration dépend non seulement des valeurs passées, mais aussi de la rentabilité économique. Ainsi, pour ce qui est de la performance financière mesurée par le Q de Tobin, les prédictions de la théorie de l’agence sont vérifiées auprès des sociétés industrielles cotées. De la même manière, les résultats trouvés confirment la non-monotonie de la relation entre la structure de propriété et la performance financière. Mots clés : Structure, propriété, performance, concentration, bourse. Classification JEL: M40, M41, M48 Type de l’article : Recherche appliquée
Ownership structure (also known as shareholding structure) is one of the governance mechanisms influencing the financial performance of firms. The link between ownership structure and performance has been the source of several research studies, both theoretical and empirical, which have found mixed results. The objective of our manuscript is to study whether ownership concentration (as a pillar of ownership structure) impacts the financial performance of Moroccan companies listed on the Casablanca Stock Exchange, in the industrial sector for the period 2017 - 2019. The selected sample consists of 24 companies belonging to the industrial sector (72 observations), the data are collected from secondary sources (balance sheet, CPC, statements of management balances and cash flow statement) of the companies, published by the Casablanca Stock Exchange, the Moroccan Capital Market Authority AMMC and the CDG capital. The research problem and hypotheses are addressed by using regression and correlation analysis (Pearson and partial) of panel data. The results show that ownership concentration is correlated with the performance of listed industrial companies. Concentration depends not only on past values but also on economic profitability. Thus, with respect to financial performance measured by Tobin's Q, the predictions of agency theory are verified for listed industrial companies. Similarly, the results found confirmed the non-mono tonicity of the relationship between ownership structure and financial performance. Keywords: Structure, Ownership, Performance, Concentration, Stock Exchange. JEL Classification : M40, M41, M48 Paper type: Empirical research
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