Simpsonichthys de Carvalho Simpsonichthys de Carvalho, 1959: 2 (type species Simpsonichthys boitonei de Carvalho, by original designation). Diagnosis. Differs from other cynolebiatins by having the following unambiguous synapomorphies: small pointed process on the dorsal portion of the palatine (vs. process absent), rays on the tip of the dorsal and anal fins unbranched in males (vs. branched), and E-scales overlapped (vs. not overlapped). Etymology. From the Greek xenos (strange), oura (tail) and lebias (small fish, and a name commonly used to compose generic names of cyprinodontiform fishes), referring to the unique morphology of the caudal fin. Gender masculine.

Published as part of Costa, Wilson J. E. M., 2006, Descriptive morphology and phylogenetic relationships among species of the Neotropical annual killifish genera Nematolebias and Simpsonichthys (Cyprinodontiformes: Aplocheiloidei: Rivulidae), pp. 1-26 in Neotropical Ichthyology 4 (1) on page 16, DOI: 10.1590/S1679-62252006000100001, http://zenodo.org/record/5418203

{"references": ["de Carvalho, A. L. de. 1959. Novo genero e nova especie de peixe anual de Brasilia, com uma nota sobre os peixes anuais da Baixada Fluminense, Brasil (Pisces - Cyprinodontidae-Fundulinae.). Boletim do Museu Nacional, 201: 1 - 10."]}