Abstract: With industrialization, the world's energy needs increased rapidly. Since the use of oil as an energy source, major military-political powers have begun to pursue policies to take control of countries and regions rich in hydrocarbon reserves. Especially in the twentieth century, with the growing dependence of the world economy on energy, natural energy sources such as oil and gas ceased to be a commodity and became a determinant of international policy, a target of international strategies and, in particular, a central center of international security. In this case, energy security has become the most important issue for both international powers and nations.