Gauromydas apicalis (Wiedemann) (Figs 1A, F, 4G, 6) Mydas apicalis Wiedemann, 1830: 629. Type-locality Brazil. Wiedemann, 1831: 36, 48, pl. 53, fig. 14; Westwood, 1841: 53; Walker, 1854: 365; Gerstaecker, 1868: 96; Schiner, 1968: 153; Bigot, 1878: 222; Lynch Arribálzaga, 1883: 152; Hunter, 1901: 153; Kertész, 1909: 35; Carrera & d’Andretta, 1948: 489; d’Andretta, 1951: 29; Papavero & Wilcox, 1968: 7 (cat.). Holotype ♂, ZMHB. Gauromydas apicalis: Wilcox et al., 1989: 105 (n. comb.); Papavero & Artigas, 1990: 122 (cat.); Papavero, 2009: 10 (cat.); Papavero & Artigas, 2009: 36, fig. 142 (manual). Mydas bonariensis Guérin-Méneville, 1835: 543, pl. 97, fig. 5. Type-locality: Argentina, Buenos Aires. Westwood, 1841: 51; Walker, 1854: 365; Gerstaecker, 1868: 96. Holotype lost. Mydas annulicornis Westwood, 1841: 51, pl. 13, fig. 2. Type-locality: Brazil. Walker, 1854: 365; Williston, 1897: 57; Kertész, 1909: 39 (cat; as syn. of mystaceus Wiedemann, in error). Holotype ♀, UMO. Diagnosis. Antenna nearly two times longer than head width; proximal portion of postpedicel mostly black, almost 2 times longer than distal portion; distal portion mostly orange, 5 times longer than wide. Scutum velvety-black with four discrete white pruinose stripes. Male hind femur 1.5 times wider than hind tibia. Hind tibia with welldeveloped ventral keel and apical spur. Hind tarsomere 1 three times longer than wide and 1.3 times longer than tarsomere 5. Wing membrane often dark brown with hyaline posterior margin; sometimes orange proximally and on anterior margin; alula wider than high. T1 and T3–4 largely black; remaining tergites and sternites with strong metallic blue or bluish green reflection. Tl black setulose. Male epandrial lamellae triangular with posterior extremity distinctly prolonged as a spine; phallus with conspicuous dorsal and lateral projections; Female S10 well sclerotized medially; sclerite at base of spermathecal ducts narrower than cercus. Length: 25–33 mm. Distribution (Fig. 6, Table 1). Argentina (Buenos Aires, Misiones), Brazil (Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, São Paulo), Paraguay (Amambay, Canindey). Non-type material examined. BRAZIL. Espírito Santo: [Alegre] Fazenda Jerusalém, 05.i.1915 (1 ♂, MNRJ); São João de Petrópolis, 12.ii.1964, C. Elias col. (1 ♂, DZUP). Minas Gerais: Mar de Espanha, 22.i.1919 (1 ♂, CEIOC); Passos, 01.xi.1961, C. Elias col. (1 ♀, DZUP). Paraná: Foz do Iguaçu, xii.1966 (1 ♂ DZUP); Ponta Grossa, 21.i.1947, C.T. Elias & C. Elias cols (1 ♂, DZUP). Rio de Janeiro: Itatiaia, 10.i.1931, J.F. Zikán col. (1 ♀, CEIOC); Itatiaia, 9.i.1944, J.F. Zikán col. (1 ♀, CEIOC). Santa Catarina: Corupá, i.1957, A. Maller col. (1 ♂, CEIOC); São Bento do Sul, i.1914 (1 ♀, CEIOC); São Bento do Sul, Rio Natal, i.1959, A. Maller col. (1 ♀, CEIOC). São Paulo: Barueri, 7.iii.1957, K. Lenko col. (1 ♂, CEIOC); Cajuru, Coqueiro, ii.1977, Barreto col. (1 ♂, MZUSP); Juqui, i.1943, J. Lane col. (1 ♀, MZUSP); Represa Rio Grande [Billings], i.1961, F.M. Oliveira col. (1 ♀, CEIOC). PARAGUAY. Canindey: Salto del Guaíra, B. Garcete col., AAM-001493 (1 ♂, MZUSP). Amambay: Parque Nacional Cerro Corá, campo-cerrado en la zona del Cerro, Muralla, 12.ii.2007, B. Garcete col., AAM- 0 0 1389 (1 ♀, MZUSP).

Published as part of Calhau, Julia, Lamas, Carlos José Einicker & Nihei, Silvio Shigueo, 2015, Review of the Gauromydas giant flies (Insecta, Diptera, Mydidae), with descriptions of two new species from Central and South America, pp. 392-411 in Zootaxa 4048 (3) on page 398, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4048.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/245783