Neoplecostomus paraty Cherobim, Lazzarotto & Langeani (2016). Holotype: DZSJRP 20429, 82.2 mm SL, rio Perequê-Açú affluent, stream on the road Parati-Cunha, Serra da Bocaina National Park, Parati, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 23°11’54”S, 44°49’48”W, el. 378 m, cols. F. Langeani, A.M. Cherobim, H. Lazzarotto & A. Angulo, 27 May 2015 (Fig. 14). Paratypes: 8 lots, 58 specimens; DZSJRP 12481, 10 (1 c&s, tissue samples of 3 specimens), 44.2–75.3 mm SL, stream on the road Parati-Cunha, near the Serra da Bocaina National Park, Parati, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, el. 179 m, 23°12’53.5”S, 44°47’29.0”W, 20 May 2010, cols. F. Langeani, M. C. Chiachio & F. O. Martins; DZSJRP 13914, 8 (1 c&s, tissue samples of 2 specimens), 32.4–68.3 mm SL, stream on the road Parati-Cunha, Penha neighborhood, near Serra da Bocaina National Park, Parati, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, el. 179 m, 23°12'53.7"S 44°47'28.6"W, cols. F. Langeani, M. C. Chiachio & F. O. Martins, 2 June 2011; DZSJRP 18726, 2, 59.3–75.1 mm SL, stream on the road Parati-Cunha, in front of the Cantina das Pedras Bar, Parati, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, el. 179 m, 23°12'53.5"S 44°47'29.0"W, cols. F. Langeani, B. N. Andrade & A. M. Cherobim, 6 Jul 2013; DZSJRP 18733, 1, 35.8 mm SL, stream on the road Parati-Cunha, near the village, Parati, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, el. 38 m, 23°13'28"S 44°46'32"W, cols. F. Langeani, B. N. Andrade & A. M. Cherobim, 6 Jul 2013; DZSJRP 20425, 2, 86.8–92.0 mm SL, rio Perequê-Açú, at the end of the branch road on the road Parati-Cunha, 5 km from the SP/RJ border, Serra da Bocaina National Park, Parati, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, el. 1043 m, 23°11'29"S 44°50'41"W, cols. F. Langeani, A. M. Cherobim, H. Lazzarotto & A. Angulo, 27 May 2015; DZSJRP 20433, 11 (tissue sample of 1 specimen), 35.7–66.6 mm SL, rio Carrasquinho, road Parati-Cunha, Parati, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, el. 296 m, 23°12'34"S 44°47'39"W, cols. F. Langeani, A. M. Cherobim, H. Lazzarotto & A. Angulo, 27 May 2015; DZSJRP 20440, 2, 83.0– 90.6 mm SL, stream on the right bank of rio Graúna, Graúna's village, Parati, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, el. 89 m, 23°08'58"S 44°43'55"W, cols. F. Langeani, A. M. Cherobim, H. Lazzarotto & A. Angulo, 28 May 2015; and DZSJRP 20442, 22 (tissue sample of 3 specimens), 35.4–79.3 mm SL, rio Corisco or Mateus Nunes, Parati, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, el. 386 m, 23°15'16"S 44°48'18"W, cols. F. Langeani, A. M. Cherobim, H. Lazzarotto & A. Angulo, 28 May 2015.

Published as part of Langeani, Francisco, 2017, Annotated catalog of the type specimens deposited at the fish collection of the " Universidade Estadual Paulista, Câmpus de São José do Rio Preto ", São Paulo, Brazil (DZSJRP), pp. 435-460 in Zootaxa 4319 (3) on pages 451-452, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4319.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/890303