Rhachisaurus brachylepis (Dixon, 1974) Type-locality. Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Pertinent taxonomic references. Dixon (1974a), Pellegrino et al. (2001), Castoe et al. (2004), Goicoechea et al. (2016). Distribution and habitat. Rhachisaurus brachylepis is endemic to Brazil, known from Serra do Espinhaço, in Minas Gerais state (southeastern Brazil), and from Serra Sul–Carajás, in southern Pará state (Brazilian Amazonia) (Fig. 17). The Amazonian specimen (MPEG 21336) was found in ombrophilous forest, about 20 m from a stream (collected in pitfall trap). In Serra do Espinhaço, R. brachylepis is predominantly found in soil galleries under rocks, at high elevation (Rodrigues et al. 2009).

Published as part of Ribeiro-Júnior, Marco A. & Amaral, Silvana, 2017, Catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. IV. Alopoglossidae, Gymnophthalmidae, pp. 151-196 in Zootaxa 4269 (2) on page 178, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4269.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/581975