In the 21st century, education has been inclined to more phenomenon- or topic-based learning since students are urged to acquire sufficient skills to cope with the uncertain future and tackle social, economic, and environmental challenges. While traditional subject-based teaching plays an important role in the early stage of education, universities have been trying to offer more student-centred learning projects in which students can learn the phenomena and address real-world challenges with peers. In such a context, the INOS project consortium recommends HEIs integrate OS/CS concepts and activities into learning and teaching when designing a curriculum to fulfil future needs. Therefore, this state-of-the-art report considers how HEIs can integrate OS/CS into their curricula to design student-centred learning activities. In the first chapter, we review related literature and publications to overview the OS concept and how higher education institutions (HEIs), including academic libraries, integrate it into their operation. We also see the direction of future education; what elements are expected in European universities. From these points, HEIs��� roles in OS/CS facilitation and future educational visions, we consider the practical implementation of OS/CS activities into their curricula.