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Effect of PGPR on the germination and growth of English ryegrass and microbiological activity in its rhizosphere

Authors: Stamenov, Dragana; Simonida ��uri��; Timea Hajnal Jafari;

Effect of PGPR on the germination and growth of English ryegrass and microbiological activity in its rhizosphere

Abstract

{"references": ["Adesemoye , A.O., Obini , M., Ugoji , E.O.: Comparation of plant growth-promotion with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis in three vegetables. Braz. J. Microbiol., 39:423-426, 2008.", "Alstrom , S., Burns , R.G.: Cyanide production by rhizobacteria as a possible mechanism of plant growth inhibition. Biology and Fertility of Soil, 7:232-238, 1989.", "Berg , G.: Plant-microbe interactions promoting plant growth and health: perspectives for controlled use of microorganisms in agriculture. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 84:11-48, 2009.", "Biswas , B.C., Tewatia , R.C., Prasad , N., Das , S.: Biofertilizers in Indian Agriculture. Fertilizer Association of India, New Delhi, India, 1\u201343, 1994.", "EL-TARABILY, K.A.: Promotion of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) plant growth by rhizosphere competent 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminaseproducing streptomycete actinomycetes. Plant Soil, 308:161-174, 2008.", "Dobbelaere , S., Vanderleyden , J., Okon , Y.: Plant growth- promoting effects of diazotrophs in the rizosphere, Crit.Rev.Plant Sci., 22:107-149, 2003.", "Dragomir , C., Moisuc , A.: Bacterial inoculation effect upon yield capacity in alfalfa and orchard grass, Lucr\u0103ri \u015etiin\u0163ifice, Facultatea de Agricultur\u0103 USAMVB Timi\u015foara, 38:275-278, 2007.", "Egamberdiyeva , D.: The effect of plant growth promoting bacteria on growth and nutrient uptake of maize in two different soils, Appl. Soil Ecol., 36:184-189, 2007.", "HAJNAL-JAFARI, T.: Uticaj inokulacije na prinos i mikrobiolo\u0161ku aktivnost u zemlji\u0161tu pod usevom kukuruza. Doktorska disertacija. Poljoprivredni fakultet, Novi Sad, 2010.", "Heydari , S., Moghadam , P.R., Arab , S.M.: Hydrogen cyanide production ability by Pseudomonas Fluorescence bacteria and their inhibition potential on weed. Proceedings of the Competition for Resources in a Changing World: New Drive for Rural Development, October 7-9, Hohenheim, Germany, 2008.", "Nannipieri , P., Ascher , J., Ceccherini , M.T., Landi , L., Pietramel - lara , G., Renella , G.: Microbial diversity and soil functions, Eur. J.Soil Sci., 54:665-670, 2003.", "Niranjan -Raj , S., N.P. Shetty , Shetty , H.S.: Seed-bio-priming with Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates, enhances growth of pearl millet plants and induce resistance against downy mildew. Int. J. Pest Manage., 50:41-48, 2004.", "Ramamoorthy , V., Viswanathan , R., Raghuchander , T., Prakasam , V., Samiyappan , R.: Induction of systemic resistance by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in crop plants against pests and diseases. Crop Protec. 20:1-11, 2001.", "Rennie , R. J., Rennie , D. A.: Techniques for quantifying N2 fixation in association with nonlegumes under field and green-house conditions. Can. J. Microbiol., 29:1022\u2013 1035, 1983.", "Seldin , L., Van Elsas , J. D., Penido , E.G. C.: Bacillus azotofans sp. nov., a nifogen species from Brazilian Soils and grass roots. Int. J. Syst. Bact., 34:451-456, 1984.", "Shaukat , K., Affrasayab , S., Hasnain , S.: Growth responses of Triticum aestivum to plant growth promoting rhizobacteria used as a biofertilizer. Res. J. Microbiol., 1:330-338, 2006.", "Stamenov , D., Jarak , M., \u0110uri\u0107 , S., Milo\u0161ev , D., Hajnal Jafari , T.: The use of plant growth promoting Rhizobacteria in the production of English Ryegrass, Plant, Soil and Environment, 58(10) 477-480, 2012.", "Stamenov , D.: Karakterizacija mikroorganizama promotora rasta i njihovo pre\u017eivljavanje u rizosferi engleskog ljulja, Doktorska disertacija, Poljoprivredni fakultet, Novi Sad, 2014.", "Trolldenier G.: Plate Count Technique. In Methods in Soil Biology. Ed.Franz Schinner, Ellen Kandeler, Richard Ohlinger, Rosa Margesin. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heildeberg., 20-26, 1996."]}

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of plant growth promoting bacteria Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus sp., and Streptomyces sp. on germination and growth of English ryegrass and microbiological activity in its rhizosphere. One hundred seeds of perennial ryegrass inoculated with the appropriate bacteria were placed on filter paper in the dark at 22 C° until germination. Five and fourteen days after, hypocotyl and root length of seedlings were measured. The experiment was conducted in 10 l volume vegetation pots, with the following variants: 1. Pseudomonas sp. P12, 2. Bacillus sp. B1, 3. Streptomyces sp. A3, 4. control - no inoculation. Thirty and sixty days after sowing, length of stem and roots of plants (cm) were determined. Thirty days after sowing, the number of microorganisms was determined, using the dilution method. Application of Pseudomonas sp. P12 and Bacillus sp. B1 had a negative effect on ryegrass seed germination, while the use of Streptomyces sp. A3 gave positive results. On average, the application of Pseudomonas sp. P12 and Bacillus sp. B1 had the greatest effect on the stem and root length of English ryegrass. The number of the investigated groups of microorganisms increased in all variants in comparison to the control. The best effect was achieved with Bacillus sp. B1.

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Keywords

English ryegrass, germination, microorganisms, yield

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