A Sustainable Process for the Recovery of Valuable Metals from Spent Lithium Ion Batteries by Deep Eutectic Solvents Leaching

descriptionPublicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article , Conference object 13 Jan 2022Publisher:MDPI AGJournal:International Conference on Raw Materials and Circular EconomyFunded by:EC | COLABATS, EC | CROCODILE

Authors: Lourdes Yurramendi; Jokin Hidalgo; Amal Siriwardana;

doi: 10.3390/materproc2021005100 , 10.5281/zenodo.5834380 , 10.5281/zenodo.5834379 , 10.5281/zenodo.5838166

A Sustainable Process for the Recovery of Valuable Metals from Spent Lithium Ion Batteries by Deep Eutectic Solvents Leaching

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Abstract

The feasibility of using low-environmental-impact leaching media to recover valuable metals from lithium ion batteries (LIBs) has been evaluated. Several deep eutectic solvents (DES) were tested as leaching agents in the presence of different type of additives (i.e., H2O2). The optimization of Co recovery was carried out by investigating various operating conditions, such as reaction time, temperature, solid (black mass) to liquid (DES) ratio, additive type, and concentration. Leaching with final selected DES choline chloride (33%), lactic acid (53%), and citric acid (13%) at 55 ��C achieved an extraction yield of more than 95% for the cobalt. The leaching mechanism likely begins with the dissolution of the active material in the black mass (BM) followed by chelation of Co(II) with the DES. The results obtained confirm that those leaching media are an eco-friendly alternative to the strong inorganic acids used nowadays.

Keywords

black mass, batteries, des, cobalt, leaching, Chemical engineering, TP155-156, critical metals, lithium ion batteries, deep eutectic solvents

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