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La flore spéciale des hautes termitières du Katanga (RD Congo): revue de données récentes obtenues par des approches expérimentales

Authors: Meerts; Cuma Mushagalusa;

La flore spéciale des hautes termitières du Katanga (RD Congo): revue de données récentes obtenues par des approches expérimentales

Abstract

La présente communication résume les résultats de travaux récents cherchant à élucider les mécanismes écologiques responsables de la couverture végétale particulière des hautes termitières du Katanga (RD Congo). L’analyse statistique de données d’inventaire révèle que la majorité des espèces de la forêt katangaise ont une niche étroite, étant soit strictement «termitophiles» (T), soit strictement «termitofuges» (NT). Ces deux groupes affichent des traits fonctionnels différents, les espèces T ayant des valeurs de traits davantage orientées vers un syndrome d’utilisation rapide des ressources. Une expérience in situ de transplantation réciproque de plantules montre que les espèces T transplantées en dehors des termitières subissent une mortalité très importante en saison sèche, suggérant que les termitières constituent un habitat refuge pour des espèces sensibles à la sécheresse. Des expériences de culture ex situ (en sachets) ne montrent pas d’effet du substrat, confirmant que les facteurs chimiques ne jouent pas le rôle principal dans la spécialisation édaphique des espèces T et NT. The Peculiar Flora of High Termite Mounds in Katanga (DR Congo): Review of New Insights from Experimental Approaches. — This paper is a summary of the results of recent experiments to understand the ecological mechanisms accounting for the sharp vegetation contrast between termite mounds and the surrounding woodland in Upper Katanga (DR Congo). Statistical analysis of census data reveals that most woody species have a narrow niche, being restricted either to termite mounds (“termitophilous” species – T) or to the surrounding matrix (“termitofuge” species – NT). T and NT species show contrasting values of functional traits, T species being shifted towards a syndrome of fast resource capture and use. A reciprocal transplant experiment of seedlings in situ shows that T species transplanted outside termite mounds suffer from considerable mortality in the dry season, suggesting that termite mounds act as a refuge habitat for drought susceptible species. Ex situ cultivation experiments (in bags) do not indicate any effect of the substrate, which is consistent with the hypothesis that chemical factors do not play a key role in the edaphic specialization of T species.

Communication présentée à la séance de la Classe des Sciences naturelles et médicales tenue le 26 février 2019. Texte reçu le 28 janvier 2020, soumis à peer-review. Version définitive, approuvée par les reviewers, reçue le 3 juillet 2020.

Keywords

Niche écologique, Adaptation édaphique, Traits fonctionnels, Forêts tropicales sèches, Transplantation réciproque

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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