This data set contains gridded estimates of relative sea-level changes and their instantaneous rates for 1960-2018 in the Mediterranean Sea, separated into the individual contributions of: Sterodynamic changes (i.e., ocean dynamics and thermal expansion). Contemporary GRD (i.e., changes in Earth gravity, Earth rotation, and solid-earth deformation due to land-mass changes). GIA (i.e., glacial isostatic adjustment). Short-term variability (interannual to decadal). These estimates have been obtained by combining tide gauge observations and satellite altimetry data with fingerprints of land-mass changes (from Frederikse et al., Nature 2020) using a spatiotemporal Bayesian hierarchical model. This work has been carried out within the framework of the EuroSea project funded by European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 862626.