In this paper the contributions of four scientists and physicians Miroslav Čačković, Teodor Wickerhauser, Dragutin Mašek and Andrija Štampar who were active in the period between the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy and socialism in Croatia is observed. This study has been undertaken as an example of the transition of elite's intellectuals who had a certain importance in the political, social and cultural domain, as well as certain sciences and professions. Those elite medical figures, with their education, administrative position and competencies established fields of activity and finally the institutions over which they extended their authority, managed to maintain the continuity of existence through two wars and the transition between three socio-political systems. The research confirmed that the example of prominent doctors and scientists who worked through the three political systems in Croatia can be seen in all the determinants set by sociologist Pierre Bourdieu by observing the craft of scientists, autonomy and access rights, scientific capital and scientific positions within scientific fields.