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A STUDY ON THE FORCES THAT CAUSE THE UNIVERSE'S ACCELERATING EXPANSION

Authors: Xinghong Wang;

A STUDY ON THE FORCES THAT CAUSE THE UNIVERSE'S ACCELERATING EXPANSION

Abstract

{"references": ["1.\tSchr\u00f6der, K.-P.; Connon Smith, R. (2008). \"Distant future of the Sun and Earth revisited\". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 386 (1): 155\u2013163. Ar Xiv: 0801.4031. Bibcode: 2008 MNRAS. 386. 155S. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13022.x. S2CID 10073988. 2.\tNola Taylor Redd. \"Red Giant Stars: Facts, Definition & the Future of the Sun\". space.com. Retrieved 20 February 2016. 3.\tIben, I Jnr (1965) \"Stellar Evolution. II. The Evolution of a 3 M {sun} Star from the Main Sequence Through Core Helium Burning\". (Astrophysical Journal, vol. 142, p. 1447) 4.\tWoolfson, M. (2000). \"The origin and evolution of the solar system\"(PDF). Astronomy & Geophysics. 41 (1): 12. Bibcode : 2000 A&G....41a..12W. doi:10.1046/j.1468-4004.2000.00012.x. 5.\tBonanno, A.; Schlattl, H.; Patern\u00f2, L. (2002). \"The age of the Sun and the relativistic corrections in the EOS\". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 390 (3): 1115\u20131118. Ar Xiv: astro-ph/0204331. Bibcode: 2002 A&A ...390.1115B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20020749. 6.\tDavies, Paul (2006). The Goldilocks Enigma. First Mariner Books. p. 43ff. ISBN 978-0-618-59226-5. 7.\tBars, Itzhak; Terning, John (November 2009). Extra Dimensions in Space and Time. Springer. pp. 27\u2013. ISBN 978-0-387-77637-8. Retrieved May 1, 2011."]}

When people calculate the forces inside the universe at a large scale, gravitational force is often focused, while the radiation pressure forces of stars are often neglected. This article reveals after calculations that, at a large distance, the radiation pressure force is larger than the gravitational force inside the universe. This will cause the universe to expand at increasing speeds. In addition, calculation also shows that cosmic rays pressure force is a stronger force than radiation pressure force in accelerating the expansion of the universe. Other factors including gamma ray bursts can also be important causes of growing universe expansion. The causes of universe expansion provided by this article is original and innovative. This scientific discovery can be used to replace the space expansion theory to explain the accelerating expansion of the universe. Moreover, The relationship between the total radiation pressure force (F) of a star and the power (P) of the star can be described by equation: F=P/C. Thus we can roughly calculate the overall power the universe needs to sustain an accelerating expansion.

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Keywords

universe expansion; space expansion; radiation pressure force; light pressure; gravity; gravitational force; cosmic ray; star; particle; equation; supernova; black hole; neutron star; gravitational wave event; gamma ray burst; sunlight pressure; universe; cosmology; milky way; galaxy; main sequence; red giant; planet; interstellar dust; momentum; impulse; kinetic energy;

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This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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