African aquaculture production is growing rapidly compared to world statistics, but it is still not able to fully exploit its potential. Most aquaculture production in Africa is carried out on small-scale aquaculture farms to meet the current demand for aquatic animal products and contribute to the continent's food security. Among the constraints to aquaculture development in Africa, food-related issues are prominent. In this context, both the cost of feed and its quality and nutritional value are concerns for small-scale fish farmers, which leads them to produce their own feed from agricultural by-products. This feed powder has several physical and nutritional disadvantages for fish, which has an impact on aquaculture production, nutritional quality and fish growth time, hence the need to improve the quality of this feed to enhance aquaculture production and contribute to food security in the continent, through the organization of training courses for fish farmers, the formation of cooperatives and the contribution of African research centre and universities to the evaluation of local agricultural by-products used, to contribute to the sustainability of aquaculture in Africa.