This essay aims to expose different contemporary challenges that directly affect the right to inclusive education of people with disabilities, as opposed to the measures designed for sustainability and the social inclusion of vulnerable groups in the 2030 Agenda of the United Nations (UN). In this sense, different issues that affect the human right in question are addressed, such as access to inclusive education at different levels, the relationship between education and work for people with disabilities and the worsening inequalities caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, aligned with the role of sustainability goals from the 2030 Agenda.