ABSTRACT The article presents the results of a historiographic analysis of the work on the implementation and use of digital technologies in the national education systems of the world’s leading countries. The aim of study was to identify difficulties in the implementation of digital technologies in a national education system and directions for their improvement. The research allowed to conclude that the introduction of digitalization in the national education system generates new difficulties, such as the lack of understanding of the ongoing processes, insufficient funding, etc. However, countries can enter a new level of economy digitalization only with targeted government support.