The datafiles and archives contain the experimental results and the Optical, FESEM and TEM micrographs collected and analysed for the article (submitted to Cellulose). The files are named following this convention: Hemp_A_B.ext where A is the type of material: PT = fibers after all pretreatment steps PT(xx) = fibers after the pretreatment step indicated in the parenthesis PT_NC = fibers after all pretreatment steps and nanocellulose NC = nanocellulose and B is the type of measurement done: TEM = Transmission Electron Microscope FESEM = Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope Dimensions = lengths and diameters of the fibers, as analysed from the Optical, FEEM and TEM micrographs with the software ImageJ XRD_bkgsub = X-ray diffraction measurements, with background subtracted FTIR = Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (in ATR mode) TGA = Thermogravimetric analysis The data will be made open as soon as possible depending on the publishing process of the article